GroES mobile loop is a highly flexible region of free GroES, which binds to GroEL through the residues at the tip of the loop.

Malvidin chloride has anti-spermatogenic, and antioxidant activities. It can prevent endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting ROS and XO-1.

RR-11a analog is a potent and selective asparaginyl endopeptidases (AE) (Legumain) inhibitors(IC50 values of 4.5 nM, 4.5 nM and 31 nM for AE1 in Trichomonas Vaginalis, AE in Ixodes ricinus and AE in Schistosoma mansoni, respectively).